There is very little freedom of the press

Malaysia's cuisine reflects the multi-ethnic makeup of its population.[203] Many cultures from within the country and from surrounding regions have greatly influenced the cuisine. Much of the influence comes from the Malay, Chinese, Indian, Thai, Javanese, and Sumatran cultures,[97] largely due to the country being part of the ancient spice route.[204] The cuisine is very similar to that of Singapore and Brunei,[110] and also bears resemblance to Filipino cuisine.[97] The different states have varied dishes,[110] and often the food in Malaysia is different from the original dishes.[161]
Sometimes food not found in its original culture is assimilated into another; for example, Chinese restaurants in Malaysia often serve Malay dishes.[205] Food from one culture is sometimes also cooked using styles taken from another culture,[110] This means that although much of Malaysian food can be traced back to a certain culture, they have their own identity.[204] Rice is popular in many dishes. Chili is commonly found in local cuisine, although this does not necessarily make them spicy.[203]
Media[edit source | editbeta]
Main article: Media of Malaysia
Malaysia's main newspapers are owned by the government and political parties in the ruling coalition,[206] although some major opposition parties also have their own.[207] A divide exists between the media in the two halves of the country. Peninsular-based media gives low priority to news from the East, and often treats the eastern states as colonies of the Peninsula.[208] The media have been blamed for increasing tension between Indonesia and Malaysia, and giving Malaysians a bad image of Indonesians.[209] The country has Malay, English, Chinese, and Tamil dailies.[208]
There is very little freedom of the press, leading to very little government accountability.[210] The government has previously tried to crack down on opposition papers before elections.[207] In 2007, a government agency issued a directive to all private television and radio stations to refrain from broadcasting speeches made by opposition leaders,[211] a move condemned by politicians from the opposition Democratic Action Party.[212] Sabah, where all tabloids but one are independent of government control, has the freest press in Malaysia.[208] Laws such as the Printing Presses and Publications Act have also been cited as curtailing freedom of expression

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Malaysia has a strong oral tradition that has existed

Traditional Malaysian art was mainly centred around the areas of carving, weaving, and silversmithing.[198] Traditional art ranges from handwoven baskets from rural areas to the silverwork of the Malay courts. Common artworks included ornamental kris, beetle nut sets, and woven batik and songket fabrics. Indigenous East Malaysians are known for their wooden masks.[97] Each ethnic group have distinct performing arts, with little overlap between them. However, Malay art does show some North Indian influence due to the historical influence of India.[199]
Making Malaysian batik

A batik craftsman making batik, Malaysian batik are usually patterned with floral motifs with light colouring.
Traditional Malay music and performing arts appear to have originated in the Kelantan-Pattani region with influences from India, China, Thailand and Indonesia. The music is based around percussion instruments,[199] the most important of which is the gendang (drum). There are at least 14 types of traditional drums.[200] Drums and other traditional percussion instruments and are often made from natural materials.[200] Music is traditionally used for storytelling, celebrating life-cycle events, and occasions such as a harvest.[199] It was once used as a form of long-distance communication.[200] In East Malaysia, gong-based musical ensembles such as agung and kulintang are commonly used in ceremonies such as funerals and weddings.[201] These ensembles are also common in neighbouring regions such as in the southern Philippines, Kalimantan in Indonesia, and Brunei.[201]
Malaysia has a strong oral tradition that has existed since before the arrival of writing, and continues today. Each of the Malay Sultanates created their own literary tradition, influenced by pre-existing oral stories and by the stories that came with Islam.[202] The first Malay literature was in the Arabic script. The earliest known Malay writing is on the Terengganu stone, made in 1303.[97] Chinese and Indian literature became common as the numbers of speakers increased in Malaysia, and locally produced works based in languages from those areas began to be produced in the 19th century.[202] English has also become a common literary language.[97] In 1971, the government took the step of defining the literature of different languages. Literature written in Malay was called "the national literature of Malaysia", literature in other bumiputera languages was called "regional literature", while literature in other languages was called "sectional literature".[195] Malay poetry is highly developed, and uses many forms. The Hikayat form is popular, and the pantun has spread from Malay to other languages

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